The Rose Bowl Game That Never Was: 1903 Wisconsin vs. Cal

Devotees of college football and Rose Bowl history know the first Rose Bowl game was played on New Year's Day 1902, while the second Rose Bowl did not occur until 1916. Traditional wisdom tells us the gap between the games was due to the 49-0 walloping Michigan laid on Stanford in 1902. Supposedly, the Tournament of Roses Committee feared the lopsided score would hurt attendance at future games. While there is an element of truth to that story, the Tournament of Roses made several attempts to schedule games between 1902 and 1916, but failed to finalize the deals for various reasons. They came closest to scheduling a match between Wisconsin and California for the 1903 Tournament of Roses.

The Origins of the Rose Bowl

The Tournament of Roses sponsored a variety of events to bring publicity and tourists to their festival, but they faced several extra challenges if they wanted to host games between top Eastern and West Coast football teams. First, intersectional games were rare due to the time and expense of the rail travel needed to bring Eastern teams to Pasadena. The University of Chicago was the first team from East of the Rockies to cross the mountains and play a West Coast team when they faced Stanford in San Francisco and Los Angeles over the 1894 Christmas holidays. The Carlisle Indian Industrial School made a similar holiday trip in 1899. Michigan's journey for the 1902 Rose Bowl was only the third such instance of teams crossing the mountains.

The Tournament of Roses was a non-profit organization with a limited budget, so the game's ticket revenues had to offset the travel and hosting expenses for both teams. With 8,000 people attending the Michigan-Stanford game, the ticket and subscription receipts more than paid the team expenses. However, hosting the first "Rose Bowl" required buying land and building a wooden bleacher stadium in the weeks leading up to the game. The $8,500 capital expense for the stadium left the 1902 Committee $4,500 in debt when all was said and done. The Committee was eager to sponsor future games to retire the debt, but leery of losing money if the opponents were not as popular as Stanford and Michigan.

The second challenge was finding teams to participate. Although teams eagerly participate in bowls today, that was not the case in the early 1900s. Faculties commonly banned participation due to concerns about overemphasizing athletics, a stance limiting bowl participation by some schools and conferences into the 1970s.

The third challenge was the need to convince each team's players to participate. Playing over the holidays was not yet seen as a reward for a successful season, particularly among West Coast teams. While a game in Pasadena gave Eastern teams the opportunity for cross-country travel and the California sun, the West Coast teams were not as impressed. Instead, post-season play meant a few more weeks of training and spending the holidays away from home.

The 1903 Rose Bowl Game